ApartSIL C8 India

ApartSIL C8 is a type of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column designed for reversed-phase chromatography, where the stationary phase consists of octyl (C8) groups bonded to silica particles. This column is used in various analytical applications due to its ability to separate moderately non-polar and polar compounds. Below is a comprehensive overview of ApartSIL C8:

General Characteristics

Type:Reversed-phase HPLC column.
Stationary Phase: Silica particles bonded with C8 (Octyl) groups.
C8 Designation: The C8 phase refers to the octyl groups (8 carbon atoms) attached to the silica surface. It provides a moderate level of hydrophobicity, which is less than that of C18 columns, making it suitable for a different range of analytes.

Particle and Pore Characteristics

Particle Size: Available in various particle sizes such as 3µm, 5µm, or 10µm. Smaller particle sizes generally provide higher resolution and efficiency.
Pore Size:Typically around 100 Å (angstroms), suitable for separating small to moderately large molecules.
Surface Area: High surface area due to the silica particles, which enhances interaction between the analytes and the stationary phase, leading to improved separation.

Functional Groups and Bonding

C8 Chains: The column contains octyl chains bonded to silica particles, which contribute to its moderate hydrophobicity. This makes the ApartSIL C8 column ideal for analyzing compounds that are either moderately non-polar or slightly polar.
Bonding Technology: The octyl groups are chemically bonded to the silica particles through silanization, ensuring stable performance and good reproducibility.

Applications

Pharmaceutical Analysis: Used for the analysis of moderately polar pharmaceuticals, their impurities, and degradation products.
Environmental Testing: Suitable for separating organic pollutants, pesticides, and other compounds in environmental samples.
Food and Beverage Analysis: Applied in the testing of food additives, contaminants, and nutritional components.
Biochemical Analysis: Useful in separating peptides, proteins, nucleotides, and other biomolecules that exhibit moderate polarity.
Clinical Research: Employed in the analysis of biological samples for drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers with moderate hydrophobicity.

Performance and Stability

Moderate Hydrophobicity: The column's hydrophobicity is less than that of C18, making it suitable for compounds that are too polar for C18 columns but require some degree of non-polar interaction.
High Efficiency: Provides sharp, well-resolved peaks, essential for accurate quantification and identification of analytes.
Stability: Chemically stable under a wide range of conditions, ensuring consistent performance.
Reproducibility: Ensures consistent and reproducible results across multiple runs, which is crucial for method validation and routine analysis.

Operating Conditions

pH Range:Typically stable across a pH range of 2 to 8, allowing flexibility in mobile phase selection and method development.
Temperature Range: Operates effectively across a broad temperature range, often up to 60-80°C, depending on the specific column design.
Mobile Phases: Compatible with a variety of organic solvents such as methanol, acetonitrile, and aqueous buffers, making it versatile for different applications.

Maintenance and Care

Column Conditioning: Proper conditioning with recommended solvents is essential before initial use to achieve optimal performance.
Cleaning Protocols: Regular cleaning with appropriate solvents (e.g., methanol, acetonitrile) helps maintain the column's performance by removing retained contaminants.
Storage: The column should be stored in a suitable solvent (such as methanol or acetonitrile) when not in use to prevent the stationary phase from drying out and to avoid microbial growth.

Advantages of the C8 Phase

Versatility: The C8 phase is versatile, handling a range of compounds that are either too polar for C18 or too non-polar for more hydrophilic phases.
Improved Peak Shapes: Provides better peak shapes for moderately polar compounds, reducing peak tailing and improving quantification accuracy.
Balance of Polarity: Offers a middle ground between the strong hydrophobicity of C18 and the more hydrophilic phases, making it useful for a broader range of analytes.

Variants and Customization

Different Particle and Pore Sizes: Available in various configurations to suit specific analytical needs, including different particle sizes and pore sizes.
Column Dimensions: Available in different lengths (e.g., 50mm, 100mm, 150mm, 250mm) and internal diameters (e.g., 2.1mm, 4.6mm) to cater to various applications, from high-throughput analytical testing to preparative chromatography.

Technical Specifications

Silica Support: Made from high-purity silica, minimizing metal contamination that could interfere with analyte separation.
Endcapping: Often endcapped to reduce the activity of residual silanol groups, improving peak shape, especially for basic compounds.
Bonding Process: The C8 groups are bonded to the silica using advanced silanization techniques, ensuring consistent and stable performance.

Applications in Research and Industry

Pharmaceutical Quality Control: Widely used in quality control of pharmaceuticals, ensuring accurate separation and quantification of moderately polar active ingredients and impurities.
Environmental Analysis: Effective for trace analysis of organic pollutants in environmental samples, providing accurate and reliable results.
Food Safety Testing: Plays a crucial role in the analysis of food products for contaminants, preservatives, and other additives, helping to ensure safety and compliance with regulations.
Chemical Manufacturing: Utilized in monitoring chemical processes and purification steps in industrial settings.
Clinical and Biomedical Research: Facilitates the separation and identification of moderately polar biological molecules in research settings, contributing to advances in drug development and disease diagnosis.

Method Development

Optimization Flexibility: The column’s moderate hydrophobicity and robustness allow for flexibility in method development, making it suitable for a wide range of analytes.
Compatibility with Gradient Elution: Performs well under both gradient and isocratic elution conditions, providing versatility in method design.

Regulatory Compliance

Pharmaceutical and Food Testing: Often used in methods that meet regulatory standards, such as those from USP, EP, or FDA, ensuring that it can be employed in validated and compliant analytical procedures.

Manufacturers and Suppliers

Availability: ApartSIL C8 columns are produced by various manufacturers specializing in chromatography products. Specifications might vary slightly depending on the source. It’s recommended to consult the product datasheet for precise details.
Technical Support: Manufacturers typically provide comprehensive technical support, including detailed user guides, troubleshooting advice, and method development assistance.

Comparative Advantages

Wide Application Range: The ApartSIL C8 column is suitable for a broad range of applications, from pharmaceuticals to environmental testing.
Cost-Effectiveness: Offers a balance of high performance and durability, potentially reducing the need for frequent column replacement and making it a cost-effective choice for routine analysis.

Moderate Hydrophobicity Benefits

Purity: High-purity silica minimizes impurities that could interfere with the separation process, leading to more reliable and accurate results.
Performance: Ensures high-performance characteristics, such as high efficiency, excellent peak shapes, and robust stability under various operating conditions.

In summary, the ApartSIL C8 is a versatile, high-performance HPLC column that provides moderate hydrophobicity, making it ideal for separating a wide range of moderately polar and non-polar compounds. Its robust design, high purity, and consistent performance make it a reliable choice for various analytical applications, including pharmaceutical analysis, environmental testing, food safety, and biochemical research. The C8 column offers a balance between strong hydrophobic phases like C18 and more hydrophilic phases, making it a valuable tool for method development and routine analysis.